Dynamic Changes of Terrestrial Water Cycle Components over Central Asia in the Last Two Decades from 2003 to 2020

The terrestrial water cycle is important for the arid regions of central Asia (CA). In this study, spatiotemporal variations in three climate variables [temperature (TMP), precipitation (PRE), and potential evapotranspiration (PET)] components [soil moisture (SM), snow equivalent (SWE), runoff, storage (TWS), groundwater (GWS)] CA are comprehensively analyzed based on multiple datasets from 2003 to 2020. major results as follows: (1) Significant decreasing trends were observed TWS anomaly (TWSA) GWS (GWSA) during 2003–2020, indicating serious resource depletion. annual linear trend values TWSA GWSA −0.31 −0.27 mm/a, respectively. depletion centers distributed over most areas western southern Kazakhstan (KAZ) nearly all Uzbekistan (UZB), Kyrgyzstan (KGZ), Tajikistan (TJK). (2) TMP PET have largest significant negative impacts SM SWE. PRE has a positive impact variations. (3) During 1999–2019, withdrawal did not significantly increase, whereas showed trend. Our provide comprehensive analysis basic variation that plays role management CA.